As the issue of plastic pollution continues to escalate in the United States, a scientist from the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) is developing a new approach to combat it. Atanu Biswas, a research chemist at the ARS National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research in Peoria, Illinois, has spent much of his career exploring ways to convert agricultural waste products into bioplastics.

Biswas’ latest effort involves utilizing dairy waste, specifically lactose, a type of sugar produced by the dairy industry as a byproduct.

One significant advancement in Biswas’ approach is the use of microwave technology, which allows him to make bioplastic polymers quickly. Additionally, because lactose is a disaccharide of galactose and glucose sugars, it may be biodegradable, although further research is necessary to confirm this.

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While lactose-based bioplastics do not currently replicate the full range of characteristics that conventional plastics offer, they can be useful for certain niche applications like insulation, cushioning material for furniture, footwear, rubber flooring, or some medical equipment.

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The novel bioplastics represent a “win-win-win situation” for industry, farmers, and consumers. For industry, they provide an opportunity to present a cleaner and greener image while taking advantage of a renewable feedstock that is readily available. Consumers who recognize the problem that plastics present will appreciate a less damaging option for the environment. For farmers, finding a use for what would otherwise be waste is also a win.

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