“We know that it’s horrendously painful, because people get affected by this, and the standard of treatment is you give them morphine immediately so that surgeons can cut the things out — because it’s just that painful; it’s unbelievably agonizing,” Kevin Esvelt, a biologist at the MIT Media Lab, told the 80,000 Hours podcast in 2023.

Esvelt is now working with officials in Uruguay on a project to create a gene drive in non-sterile male screwworms. The drive would be paired with a gene that renders only female offspring sterile. The male offspring, meanwhile, would be able to mate, spreading the gene to more generations, cutting the number of fertile females until eventually the population collapses.

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