We often talk about steak, lamb chops, bacon and chicken nuggets as if they’re on a level playing field. Just ‘meat’. But their impacts are vastly different. Per gram of protein, beef has almost ten times the carbon footprint of chicken. It uses 23 times as much farmland. If we were to rank them in order: beef and lamb have the highest cost; pork has significantly less; chicken is even lower; and many types of fish are better still.

Problem solved, right? Well, not quite. This recommendation has a darker side. It’s completely at odds with animal welfare. We often ignore this fact, but it’s nonetheless true. The most environmentally-friendly meat choices mean condemning a greater number of animals to live miserable lives.

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